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How a Wood Burning Stove Works

Wood burning stoves can be an attractive addition to any home. However it is important to use them only with properly seasoned wood.

Older stoves without secondary combustion let air in between and above the fuel. This resulted in energy loss, chimney tarring and atmospheric pollution.

Modern wood stoves use an advanced combustion technique that separates the air supply into two phases. This allows them to increase the efficiency of their heating systems while also producing lower emissions.

Efficient Combustion

The efficiency of your wood stove is a measure of how effectively your wood is converted into heat. It is different from heating transfer efficiency, which is the amount of heat that gets from your stove into a room. A wood-burning stove that has high efficiency and combustion will require less fuel and generate less waste such as carbon monoxide and steam.

Modern wood stoves boast high combustion efficiency, thanks to their advanced design. They maximize the amount of heat while using less wood. These stoves also tend to emit low levels of emissions, particularly stoves that are EPA-certified and require a catalytic combustor to purify exhaust gases as they leave the stove. These cleaner stoves are a good choice for homeowners who want to lessen their environmental impact while still enjoying the warmth of a wood stove.

Proper operation and maintenance will increase the efficiency of your stove. The most important aspect is controlling the process of combustion. This is achieved by adding small pieces of wood frequently and maintaining a steady fire in the stove. This will stop the accumulation of flammable creosote within the chimney, which can cause the stove to become less efficient.

Another important factor in the efficiency of a wood stove is using properly dried, seasoned firewood that has a moisture content below 20%. Dry wood that is seasoned and dried will not only provide more heat for the same fuel, but it will also create less air pollution and generate less smoke.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established guidelines to limit the amount of smoke and other harmful substances that a new stove may emit within an hour. To meet the EPA guidelines, the majority of modern wood stoves use secondary combustion or a catalytic combustor to control combustion and minimize the amount of pollution they emit. To find a wood stove that meets the EPA emission standards, choose one that has an EPA certification label and an emission limit of less than 4 grams per hour.

Catalytic Combustion

Catalytic wood stoves make use of honeycombed combustor made of ceramic coated with noble metals such as platinum or palladium. The combustor is similar to the catalyst in your car that cleans your exhaust. When smoke flows through the combustor at high temperatures, the noble metals react with the particulates and chemicals in the smoke to break them down into harmless end products like water and carbon dioxide.

This allows the stove to burn cleaner and lower emissions than non-catalytic models, without sacrificing efficiency or heat output. The combustor performs its best when the temperature of the gas in the flue is 1000degF or higher. The combustor won't function properly if the fire is burnt in a low-flame.

Burning foreign materials, like paper logs, painted or treated wood, can damage the combustor. The burning of these materials can cause "masking" that covers the cells of the combustor with a substance which prevents it from working as intended. Masking can also occur due to closing the bypass damper to shortly or refueling with wet wood. If the combustor cells are not regularly cleaned of creosote fly-ash and tar build up, plugging could occur, 913875, similar webpage, causing smoke spillage.

When properly operated and placed, the combustor will operate to give years of reliable performance. It requires little maintenance other than taking off the soot from its surface after a prolonged burn and dusting it periodically with a soft, dry bristled brush.

The combustor comes with an bypass damper that is opened to ignite an ignition and closed to refill the stove. Check the bypass for the "operate catalyst" indicator, which indicates when your combustor operates within its optimal temperature range. Opening the bypass damper too soon can reduce the operating range of the combustor. Closing the bypass damper too early will reduce the inlet temperature to the combustor, and could cause damage to it. If you're not sure how to operate the bypass damper, check the instruction manual for your stove or contact our customer service department for assistance.

Airflow Controls

Controls of air flow are vital to ensure that your wood stove is burning safely and efficiently. The primary, secondary and tertiary air systems work together to allow your fire to burn efficiently. Each plays a distinct role in the combustion process.

The air control that is located beneath or inside the door of your stove, controls the amount of air allowed into the firebox. More air means a faster-burning fire, but it also increases the risk of creosote or chimney smokiness buildup. When lighting your wood stove, the primary air control should be extended wide and for a brief period of time.

After your fire has built up enough heat, the main air control can be closed down slowly until you're satisfied with the amount of heat being generated. The chimney or stove should not emit any smoke as this could indicate the combustion is not efficient.

Secondary airflow controls pump oxygen into the top of your stove, typically in the form of air jets that are placed over your fire. This is the most crucial aspect of controlling the flame. Without it your fire will be burning too quickly and will produce excessive amounts of smoke.

The secondary airflow, which is the final stage in the airflow systems of your stove is fed to the chimney or updraft. This creates strong draft in the flue, allowing your fire to reach its peak efficiency.

It is important to keep in mind that your wood stove was built and optimized to burn wood for fire only. Other types of combustibles do not burn in your wood stove, resulting in high levels of emissions, and even chimney fires. Softwood is also acceptable, but seasoned hardwood has to be dried for at least six months. Avoid using cardboard and paper as they can emit toxic fumes or cause creosote and ash to build up in your stove. It is also recommended to avoid placing logs or other combustibles over your fire, as they could explode.

Safety

Wood burning stoves are an excellent alternative to electricity, particularly in areas that are prone to frequent power outages. However, they can also be dangerous if used improperly. They can result in harmful chemical substances that could be harmful to your health. They can also create a fire hazard and lead to carbon monoxide poisoning. Fortunately, you can minimize these risks by following some basic safety precautions.

Use only clean, dry firewood in your stove. Never use gasoline, 913875.Xyz; www.913875.Xyz, kerosene, or charcoal starter fluid to ignite or ignite fires. Never burn treated wood, painted wood or wet wood. Keep the flue open to allow plenty of oxygen in. Always add wood in small increments and do not let the fire burn out. If you are in a smoke-control room do not make use of an indoor fire.

Make sure that your stove and chimney are properly installed. A poorly installed wood stove can ignite a fire in the chimney that could release harmful gasses into your home. It is also essential to ensure that the chimney is swept and checked regularly. Make sure that the flue isn't leaking, which can cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

It's a good idea to keep your wood in a shed or a tarp. This will allow the wood to get seasoned and dry quicker. To reduce the risk of fire, keep the wood from other sources of heat. It's recommended to place your stove on a non-flammable area, such as a tile floor.

If you have young children ensure that you keep them away from the stove. They may try to touch the fire or play with the ash that is hot, which could be risky. You should also keep all flammable items at least three feet from the stove. You should also consider installing an air shield to protect surfaces and walls from damage. It's also an excellent idea for your family to practice fire drills at home. This will help you to escape your home in the event of an emergency. Take a look at our article on fire escape routes to ensure your home safe.